How to fully benefit from your new job- Part 2

vacation

Don’t forget days like these!

In my previous post, I talked about how to maximize the two main perks associated with most new jobs, health insurance and retirement planning.  Being on top of these two benefits will definitely put you on the right path toward using your work benefits to the fullest.  There are a few other ways to make sure you are getting the most out of your new job.  These may not give you the biggest bang for your buck as optimizing your healthcare and 401k contributions will, but they will help nonetheless.  The most important thing to remember is to get all the information you can from your Human Resources department.  Fellow co-workers mean well when they give you information about the workplace.  But they may be misinformed themselves or giving you outdated information.  Always go straight to the source, and that is your HR department.

So here are some other workplace perks you should definitely be taking advantage of:

Vacation days:  Everyone loves a nice vacation, and we all need to recharge once in a while in order to keep working at a comfortable pace.  But many people don’t know the specific policies there companies have regarding vacation.  Some companies let you roll over unused vacation days into the following year, while some companies have a “use it or lose it” policy.  Others will split vacation days called by different names such as “sick days” or “paid time off”.  These can have their own regulations as well.

Your paid vacation days are part of your total compensation.  Your company already factored them in when determining your salary.  So it is important to get your full vacation benefits explained from your HR department so you can know exactly what’s going on and also track your days off yourself in case there are some discrepancies.  Not taking vacation effectively can cause you to leave money on the table.  How so?  let’s say you have 4 weeks worth of vacation to use for the year.  For whatever reason you forget to use 2 of those weeks.  These are the types of vacation days that are gone at the end of the year.  That means you just worked 50 out of the 52 weeks of the year, but you got paid for 48 weeks of work.  You just gave yourself a pay cut.  This is definitely not a good feeling and shows how important maximizing your vacation days can be.

Discounts:  Many workplaces offer discounts for various products or services, a lot of times unbeknownst to their employees.  I personally experienced this the hard way as it took me two years to find out that my company gives a discount for using Verizon Wireless.  It wasn’t a huge discount by any means, but it did painlessly save me some money every month.  The way I found out about it was an off-hand comment from a co-worker who heard that that the company gives certain discounts.  I just called the HR department and they sent me a list of services that we are eligible to get discounts for.  These included things such as cell phone service, car insurance, gym memberships and amusement park tickets.  These are things most people already pay money for, so it’s nice to save some money without much effort.

Advisers/counselors:  When I was first presented with investment options in my 401k, I have to admit I was a little confused.  I called my HR department and told them as much, and they recommended I call the company’s investment adviser, who was available ti all employees.  The fact that there is one adviser for thousands of employees shows how much he is being used.  In any case, I gave him a call and asked him my list of questions and he answered them all and worked with me to find an appropriate investment plan.  This perk could potentially be worth hundreds of thousands of dollars because that can be the difference between a well constructed investment plan and a poor one. 

Many companies also provide their employees with counselors for issues such as stress in the workplace or grieving for the loss of a loved one.  Companies want their workers to be productive, and that includes providing help in times of need.  Thankfully, I really haven’t had to make use of these services, but it’s nice to know that its there.

These are a few of the “miscellaneous” perks that many workplaces offer.  Though the bang for the buck may not be as great as a strong 401k and healthcare plan, any discount or service which you otherwise wouldn’t have received is a good thing.  Things like vacation days and company discounts are the low hanging fruit of workplace perks.  They are easy to attain and produce immediate benefits.  And it’s always important to remember that if you’re not sure if you have a certain benefit or not, just ask your HR department.  You’ll never know until you do.

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First blog Carnival appearance!

Hello everyone.  My article about the Debt Snowball vs the Debt Avalanche was recently featured in the Carnival of Personal finance, which is pretty much a round up of the week’s best personal finance articles.  It’s a great resource for solid financial information and hopefully this is the first of many appearances for me.  Check it out:

Carnival of Personal Finance

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The root of financial success

Everyone wants to know some new tactics or hacks to help improve their finances.  There are always apps and programs coming out for budgeting and tracking our money and net worth.  Many of these tools are wonderful and they work great, but tactics and tricks can only take you so far.  Many of the most successful and wealthy people alive today don’t have any use for such apps or hacks.  That’s because they have mastered the values that embody success.  One of these values, and the one I believe leads to the most financial success, is delayed gratification.

I like to think of our financial status as a tree with three main parts:  the roots, the trunk and the branches.  The branches of a financial tree are the various checking, savings, business and investment accounts that we use to get our money.  The trunk is our ability to budget, which needs to be sound to ensure our money is going where it should be.  And the root of the tree is the virtue known as delayed gratification, the ability to hold off on small wins now to hold out for possibly much larger wins in the future.  Most people focus on the branches, looking for little things we can do here and there to hack our finances.  Sometimes they work and sometimes they don’t.  If the roots and trunk of our tree are not steady, trying to improve the branches will not do too much.

The virtue of delayed gratification is present in many facets of life.   Many religions advocate living a good life in this world for the promise of a greater life after death.  In school it’s usually a good idea to study regularly instead of spending the day with video games so you can ace that test and enjoy the video gaming afterwards stress free.  And in our financial life there are numerous ways where delayed gratification can lead to a much bigger payoff.

There are 3 major ways that delayed gratification can lead to financial success:

1.  Saving for retirement:  This is one of the penultimate examples of the benefits of delayed gratification.  Young people starting their careers or businesses usually don’t have retirement on their mind, but they should.  Retirement is one of those few things that is almost guaranteed to happen in life.  Eventually we get old and aren’t able to work as hard as we used to or we just get tired of working hard week after week.  Many people are forced into a retirement situation because of disability or health reasons.  Any of those situations is pretty likely so it is imperative to save something, especially early on.  This can usually be done relatively painlessly with automatic contributions into a 401k or an IRA.  There are many retirement calculators around the web that can show you how much you can end up with based on different rates of return, but it is important to know that WHEN you save (earlier the better) and HOW MUCH you save (the more the better obviously) are the main factors determining how much money you will have when you can’t or don’t want to work as hard anymore.

2.  Putting in the work to start a business:  Starting a business from the ground up is a perfect example of the importance of delayed gratification.  Every business needs a strong foundation and this work is done early on without much reward.  But the payoff can be great if you stick to a plan and do not take any easy ways out.  Just like a building that has a faulty foundation will eventually collapse when there’s an earthquake, a business with a poor foundation will most likely fizzle out when times get tough financially.

3.  Studying a little longer for that lucrative career:  Many people who take the prerequisite courses in college for medicine, optometry, dentistry, pharmacy or any other potentially lucrative medical profession don’t actually go on to the respective professional school.  There could be many reasons such as poor grades, family situation etc. that would prevent someone from moving on to professional school, but I know of plenty of people who entered the job market with a bachelor’s degree just because they didn’t want to spend more years studying.  They wanted the payoff from their bachelor degree right away, despite the fact that they would most likely be better off financially if they studied diligently for a few more years and got their professional degrees.  Forgoing the payoff of a bachelor’s and choosing to go further with your schooling is another way delayed gratification can greatly pay off.

These are just a few of the many situations in which delayed gratification would be the wise decision.  There are a ton of examples in the world of finance especially.  Everyone has some example in their life in which delayed gratification was the best financial decision, so please share in the comments below.

 

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Snowball vs Avalanche: Is it even a question?

We have so many ways to get into debt nowadays.  Credit cards, mortgages, student loans, car loans and, God forbid, payday loans.  With so many ways to get into debt it’s important to know the quickest ways out of debt.  And it’s not by calling one of those debt “reconciliation” services.  The first step to pay off debt is to not add to it.  Cut up the credit cards and don’t take any more loans.  In a debt emergency such as large credit card debts, you really have to go into crisis mode and cut out whatever debt that you can and put whatever resources available towards paying off that debt.  The next step is to stay current on all of your debts to avoid paying any late fees.  This is done by simply making the minimum payment on all of your debts.

We of course can’t stop with just minimum payments because this will keep you in debt for a long long time due to interest.  The next best step after making minimum payments is to gather up all the money you can and attack the debt with the highest interest rate.  Or is it the debt with the lowest balance?  This is where some financial gurus slightly differ.  Some advocate attacking the debt with the highest interest rate first, known as the Avalanche method.  Others, most notably a “guru” by the name of Dave Ramsey, advocate paying off the debt with the lowest balance first, dubbed the Snowball method.  While everybody’s situation is a little different, the Avalanche method is almost always the way to go.  And the numbers prove it.

Before we go into the numbers, it is worth it to know WHY someone would opt to use the snowball method to pay off their debt.  According to Ramsey’s website, “You need some quick wins in order to stay pumped enough to get out of debt completely. When you start knocking off the easier debts, you will start to see results and you will start to win in debt reduction.”  This is drawing on the idea that some people need to see quick results in their debt reduction in order to gain some momentum and keep attacking their debt.  Continuously attacking the lowest balance debt will produce “wins” that keep you wanting to attack your debt.  If this method is enough to get someone into debt destroying mode, then there is some value in it as it is much better than not paying your debt at all.    However, this should only be a temporary measure because using the Avalanche method instead will result in less interest paid over time.  And there is a handy little calculator to prove just that.

Unbury.me is a great calculator that allows you to enter your loan’s balance, interest rate and minimum payment.  You then enter your desired monthly payment on top of that and you can see the results using the Avalanche or Snowball method.  I used the following hypothetical numbers:

-Credit card:  $8000, $80 minimum, 15% interest

-Car Loan:  $5000, $50 minimum, 8% interest

-Student loan:  $10000, $100 minimum, 7% interest

First off, I was curious to see how long it would take to pay off these loans with just the minimum payment only.  The results said the loans would be paid off by January 2047 with almost $69,000 paid in interest!  This shows the danger of not attacking your debt at all.  In any case, I entered a $200 additional monthly payment on top of the minimum payment.  With the Snowball method, the loans would be paid off by August 2019 with $7546.01 in interest paid.  MUCH better than not paying any extra in principal.  With the Avalanche method, the loans would be paid off in May 2019 with $6273.93 in interest.  That’s almost $1300 less in interest!  I don’t know about you, but that seems like a big enough win to me to keep paying off debt.  The Avalanche method wins in every situation.

Using the unbury.me calculator can be a very enlightening and sometimes eye opening experience.  Seeing exactly what month your debt will be paid off is pretty empowering, especially if you’re saddled with many student loans like most broke professionals.  And seeing how much in interest you will save using the Avalanche method over the Snowball method is very motivating as well.  It can be just the swift kick in the rear you need to start obliterating your debt.

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Which reward is right for you?

Each and every credit card company wants your business, and they will do anything to get it.  Offering credit card rewards is one way of doing this.  Getting rewards for what you spend on credit cards was almost unheard of even a few decades ago.  The rewards industry has really been booming as the big credit card organizations partner with many different retailers and companies in order to entice you to do business with them.  You can be sure they’re not offering rewards out of the goodness of their hearts.  They offer rewards because it is making them more money than ever before.  It is important to recognize this before we start delving into the world of credit card rewards.credit cards

Unfortunately, many people get a rewards credit card and proceed to spend more than they would if they did not have a rewards credit card.  The credit card companies love these customers because they only have to give up a few dollars in rewards here and there for the thousands of dollars this customer is giving them.  You don’t want to be this customer.  If you use the appropriate rewards card and make sure not to increase your usual spending, having a rewards credit card can be a nice little bonus on top of your regular spending.  Here are some of the more popular rewards credit card categories that are available nowadays:

Cash back:  The easiest form of rewards with no hoops to jump through for the most part.  Sometimes you just have to decide between getting a check in the mail or a credit on your next statement.  Most rewards credit cards will offer 1% cash back on your purchases.  That means if you spend $1000 for the month, you will get $10 back.  Not a huge payout by any means but better than nothing.  The key with cash back rewards is to find cards with promotional offers or increased cash back for certain categories.  For example there are some cards that offer 3% cash back for gas station purchases or 2% for groceries.  If you can find a card with an increased cash back level in a category you already spend a lot in, that can lead to even greater rewards.

Gift cards:  This is a pretty straightforward reward redemption also.  Most of the big credit card companies like Chase or American Express offer gift cards as a redemption option for some of their cards.  It’s usually at the same 1% rate or more depending on if you find a category bonus.  If there is a restaurant or store you frequent a lot, this can be a good option.  The issue with this option is that you may get gift cards for places you don’t really visit often.  If you do that, you are probably better off just getting a cash back card.  Another problem is that you will probably pay more because you rarely spend exactly how much is on the gift card.  Getting a $25 gift card to a new restaurant sounds fun, but unless you get the amount to exactly $25, you will pay more.  This is a decent option if you get a gift card for a place you already spend money at.

Merchandise:  Buying stuff from credit card companies with your reward points is almost always a bad deal.  Paying for an tablet or a laptop with points may seem like a sweet deal, but you’re much better off using those thousands of points for cash back or gift cards.  When in doubt just run the numbers.  If you can redeem those points for more in cash back than the item costs on Amazon, for example, buying stuff with points is not a good idea.  This is my least favorite redemption option.

Airline Points:  These are the most tricky but potentially most lucrative form of rewards.  I used to think if you don’t travel much then these rewards are useless.  But pretty much everyone has to travel somewhere at some point in their lives so it is helpful to have some airline miles in your back pocket.  These can be tricky because one airline can value its points differently than another one.  As a side note I use the word “points” instead of “miles” when referring to airline rewards.  This is because that is what some of the airlines themselves are doing nowadays and also because the days of airlines giving “miles” based on how many miles you’ve flown with them are becoming long gone.  As everyone knows, airlines are doing whatever they can to make money from us so they have also become more stingy and mysterious with their rewards programs.  However, there are still deals to be had if you plan ahead.

There are many different factors to consider in order to fully benefit from airline points, but the main thing to be is flexible.  Flying from New York to LA could cost 25,000 points one week and 50,000 points the next.  If you’re flexible with your dates and plan far enough ahead, airline points can be very lucrative.  Taking advantage of credit card bonuses is also a key component of the airline points game.  This deserves a whole series of posts to itself so I won’t go into too much detail, but using credit card bonuses and being flexible with my dates allowed me and my wife to get round trip first class tickets from Baltimore to Portland, Oregon for taxes only.  This came out to around $30.  This would have cost around $4000 if I paid without points.  This shows how powerful airline points can be if you play the game right.

These are the main types of credit card awards being offered currently.  It is hard to say which reward is “best” because it depends on your personal situation.  If you have some travel coming up soon, it is worth your time to learn the airline points game and maximize your travel rewards.  If you don’t like traveling much and spend a lot on gas and groceries, a cash back card might be right for you.  Determine the best card for you based on your situation.

Finally, it is vitally important to remember that the one thing that can negate any rewards earned on a card is carrying a credit card balance.  If you do carry a balance regularly, you have no business getting a rewards credit card as the interest rates are usually way higher than normal and you should be focusing on getting out of credit card debt first and foremost.  Credit card companies are just waiting for you to slip up and start carrying a balance, because they will reap the rewards in interest paid by you.  As long as you don’t carry a balance and use a rewards card wisely, they can be a  very helpful tool.

 

 

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What makes the ideal checking account?

moniesThe checking account is the one type of account almost everyone in the country has.  Most savings and investment accounts need to be funded from somewhere, and that somewhere is usually a checking account.  It represents the most liquid form of money you have at your disposal and is in some ways the lifeline to your overall finances.  Almost all of your money will at one point or another enter or leave your checking account.  That’s why we need to make sure that we’re using a quality checking account.  Unfortunately many people have checking accounts that actually COST them money.  This is unacceptable and at least some effort should be made to find the ideal checking account.

I’ve been through a number of checking accounts, so over time I’ve come to realize what are the most important things to me when it comes to a quality checking account.  Here are my thoughts on some of the things that make a great checking account:

Reimbursed ATM fees:   Even though I don’t use cash as much anymore, this is still a great perk to have for the inevitable emergency trip to the ATM.  Most banks offer no ATM fee for withdrawing from their own machines, but you’re not always going to be near their machines.  It’s a great piece of mind to know you can withdraw from any ATM and not worry about a fee.  This used to be the most important feature for me but not as much anymore since most of my payments are online or with a credit card.  It’s still a great feature to have and many online banks offer it.

No account minimum fees:  This is a definite fee to avoid because it can really impact your financial health.  Some banks will levy a fee if your account goes under $1,000 for example.  So essentially you need to have $1,000 just sitting in your account doing nothing.  This money could be used to invest, pay off debt or any other financially positive things.  The fact that a bank would charge you a fee for the privilege of just having money in their account is ridiculous.  Try to avoid this fee at all costs.

No check order fee:  Almost all types of financial transactions nowadays can be done with a credit card or an online withdrawal from your checking account.  Most banks have online bill pay which you can use to pay pretty much any type of bill.  Using an actual check is becoming more and more unnecessary nowadays, so it doesn’t make sense to actually pay for them.  You should definitely be able to order them since you probably will need to write a check at some point, but you shouldn’t be charged a fee for that.  It’s nice to find a bank that doesn’t charge for checks or deposit slips.

Rewards/Interest:  Rewards are usually the domain of credit cards, but it is nice to find a checking account that offers some rewards.  Many online banks give some interest on the money in their checking accounts, but it is not much.  Hardly any of the big banks do any type of checking rewards.  The one exception I’ve seen is Citibank which offers ThankYou Points for doing things such as setting up a direct deposit or having an automatic transfer into their savings account.  This can be nice as they can be redeemed for gift cards or cash.  You won’t really hit the mother lode when it comes to checking account rewards, but it is nice if you can find them.

These are the biggest considerations for me when signing up for a checking account.  Most banks have ATM and even mobile deposit so the days of having to wait in a long line just to deposit your check are pretty much gone, so convenience really takes the forefront when it comes to checking.  The only accounts I have seen (and I’ve personally used one of them) that meet all of these criteria are the Schwab Investor Checking account and the Fidelity Cash Management Account.  You have to open some type of investment account with them in order to open the checking account, but you don’t have to use them.  I would highly recommend both of these accounts.

Checking accounts don’t really give you a big bang for your buck, but they are evolving and it makes sense to keep up with the changes and switch to a more convenient option to make your life just a little easier.

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What is a Doctor Loan?

Anyone who has ever looked into securing a mortgage knows there are many different types of loans out there.  Most people know about your typical 30 or 15 year home loan with a fixed interest rate and a 20% down payment.  There are variable interest rate loans which potentially start with a low interest rate but can change after a designated amount of time, usually 3, 5 or 10 years.  There are loans that are longer than 30 years or shorter than 15 years.  You can also get loans for less than the ideal 20% down payment, but you’ll have to pay Private Mortgage Insurance.  There are also loans out there for certain professionals, such as members of the military.  There is also one such loan that is not talked about frequently, and that is the Doctor Loan.

The Doctor Loan, also known as a Physician Loan, is a special loan available to MD’s only.  There are also similar loans available to other professionals such as optometrists, lawyers, dentists and pharmacists.  They are a little harder to find but they have similar characteristics to a Physician Loan.  Not many banks offer Physician Loans.  Some banks like Bank of America offered them at one point and then stopped.  The only bank I’ve seen that has consistently offered Physician Loans is SunTrust.  The main advantages of a Physician Loan over a traditional mortgage are:

-Very low down payment requirement.  Some loans even allow no down payment (This can be an obvious disadvantage if you’re not careful).

-Don’t factor student loans into credit worthiness.  This is huge because doctors can easily come out of school with a student loan balance in the six digits.  This can make it troublesome to get approved for a traditional mortgage even though the doctor would easily be able to afford the house.

-No private mortgage insurance.  Ever.  This is probably the biggest benefit.  Most mortgages require PMI payments until you achieve around 20% equity in the property.  This is money that goes straight from your pocket to the lender.  It is not even tax deductible and it can be hundreds of dollars per month.  Not having to pay PMI is a huge advantage.

The principle behind a bank offering physician loans is to obviously make more money and establish a relationship with individuals who make a high, stable income.  Because physicians usually have steady high paying jobs, the risk of them not making their payments is pretty low compared to the rest of the population.  This is why the bank is willing to offer a no down payment loan with no PMI and overlook student loans.  This sounds like a pretty good deal to a fresh out of residency doctor, but they still need to be careful not to buy more house than they can afford.

There are some restrictions on who can qualify for this loan.  Most doctor loans I’ve seen are only for those docs who have graduated in the past 10 years.  This takes most established older docs out of the picture.  Also, these loans just aren’t available in certain states.  There is also obviously more documentation needed than a traditional home loan.

A Doctor Loan is a nice financial tool for those who can qualify.  But just like any tool, it needs to be used for the right reason or you can risk really hurting yourself financially.  It is a good tool for doctors coming out of school who are having trouble qualifying for a mortgage because of high student loan balances.  Not having to pay PMI is a nice perk as well.  It’s good to know that there are special loan programs out there that actually have pretty good terms for those who can qualify.

 

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Financial Commandment #2: Pay yourself first…and automate it!

Paying yourself first is probably the most powerful and under utilized method to building real wealth.  The idea behind it is very simple.  Instead of paying all of your monthly bills and expenses and then putting the rest into savings, paying yourself first means you put some money into savings first and then pay whatever bills you have after.  This method just plain works because of two main reasons.  First, YOU decide how much money you want to save and then you adjust your expenses after that.  It can be empowering to decide your own savings rate and it is in sharp contrast to the first method where your bills and expenses dictate how much money you set aside.

The second reason paying yourself first works is related to Financial Commandment #1.  It literally forces you to live within your means because setting aside money for yourself as your first step ensures that money is not being used on something you may not need.  This is a surefire way to get out of debt and build real savings and wealth.  People can be very fickle creatures so the best way to make a habit out of spending less than you earn is to make it impossible to spend more in the first place.

Paying yourself first is an amazingly effective financial practice, but again humans can tend to revert back to old habits.  If paying yourself first is a relatively new practice, it can be tempting after the initial excitement to cut back a little bit on your savings rate.  The best way to avoid this is to pay yourself automatically.  This is very easy nowadays and here a a few ways to do just that:

Online savings accounts:  Most big banks will offer you a savings account in addition to their checking account.  You should avoid this because the interest rates on savings accounts from big banks are usually atrociously low and more importantly, it still makes your money easy to access.  Using an online savings account separate from your checking account is a much better idea because their interest rates are usually much higher (though not incredibly high as most online accounts pay around 1%), but also it creates an extra barrier against you from withdrawing that money on a whim.  Some great online savings accounts include Capital One 360, Ally, and American Express.

IRA:  Opening an IRA is easier than ever.  You can open one if you’re employed or self-employed.  I have had my Roth IRA with Vanguard for a few years now and it has been great.  They allow you to automatically contribute as much as you want and as often as you want.  They also have a very good selection of mutual funds which have very low fees.  It takes about 5 minutes to sign up and connect your bank account.  They also offer very good guidance as far as which mutual funds would be best for your situation.  Of course nothing is guaranteed with stocks or mutual funds, and there are key differences between traditional and Roth IRA’s which will be a subject of later posts, but for long term growth, it’s tough to beat a monthly IRA contribution.

401k:  A 401k can be a great way to automatically pay yourself.  Most 401k’s allow employers to take a pre-determined, and pre-tax, amount from your paycheck and put it into your account.  This is a great deal because it lowers your taxable income and since that money is automatically deducted from your paycheck, you’re not going to spend it.  There are some things to watch out for in 401k plans such as higher than normal fees and the fact that you have a limited selection of funds to choose from.  However, many companies offer a match on your contributions.  They vary among companies, but if you contribute 5% of your paycheck and your company matches the full 5%, that’s like getting a 100% return for free.  Not a bad deal at all.

These are the more popular ways to automatically pay yourself.  While you can just go and change your contribution amount even if you are doing monthly contributions, this extra step makes it a little tougher to do.  Automatic contributions are the best way to pay yourself first and grow your wealth.

Leave a comment below and share your favorite way to pay yourself first. 

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What would you do if everything was on the line?

Just a short post today on something I’ve been thinking about lately.  What spurred me to think about it was the scene from the recent Batman movie when Bruce Wayne was stuck inside the underground prison and the only way to get out was to make the treacherous climb to the top.  Anyone who wanted to try the climb had a harness tied around them and they were allowed to try their best while everyone watched.  Bruce tried over and over but always came up JUST short.

After some soul searching and listening to the advice of a fellow prisoner, Bruce realized that he had to go without the harness and climb with the knowledge that if he didn’t make it, he would fall to his death.  He ultimately made the climb and was able to escape the prison.  He realized that the harness that saved him in case he fell was just a crutch that was holding him back from his true potential.

I’ve been thinking about this idea and times in my life where I have performed well because the situation was desperate or had some urgency to it.  Now I wouldn’t go around putting myself in desperate situations just to see how I perform, but it is interesting to know how much better people could perform if success was literally the only option.

How could we apply this principle to improve our lives both personally and financially?  Please comment below and share your thoughts. 

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Should I invest with student loan debt?

After graduating college or professional school, there are many things on a person’s mind.  When can I start working?  How much will my starting pay be?  My student loan debt is how much???  Investing is usually the furthest thing from a graduates mind.  Yet this could be a mistake as recent graduates have the most powerful investing tool on their side: time.

Time spent investing is one of the biggest contributors to investing successfully.  Compounding interest is your friend here, and the more time you give it to work, the more it will do for you.  This article at get Rich Slowly gives a nice visual aid in this point.  The bottom line is that waiting even 5 years before starting to invest can greatly effect your nest egg.  Even small contributions like $25 a month can be very helpful and provide you with a good point to start adding to as your financial situation improves.

Now that we know how important it is to invest early on, the questions becomes how to prioritize your investments versus your student loans.  The simple answer is to just look at the interest rates and compare them to possible rates of return.

I’m an advocate of making extra payments to any student loans above 6% before increasing your initial investment amount.  The reason I pick 6% is that paying off student loans early is a guaranteed return on investment.  Paying off a loan early means you won’t have to pay that interest rate on that extra money you paid, effectively giving you a future 6% return on investment.  Numbers vary depending on who you ask, but the historic return in any 25 year period of the stock market is around 7%, not counting taxes.  I’d rather take a guaranteed 6% return from paying off a student loan rather than a possible 7% return from investing in the stock market.

Using this 6% rule of thumb, or whatever rule works best for you, can make it a lot easier to determine when to pay off student loans early and when to invest.  The other advantage of paying off student loans early, especially if you’re close to eliminating one, is that it frees up more income for you.  Now depending on your financial situation, and the 6% rule of thumb, you can decide if you want to use that extra money to pay off another student loan or to increase your investing account.

Deciding when to pay off student loans and when to invest can be a pretty personal decision with many factors involved.  Leave a comment below and talk about your investing strategy while having student loan debt.

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